Baigongguan Prison was the suburban villa of Sichuan warlord Bai Ju. Claimed to be the descendant of Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, Bai Ju named his villa “Xiangshan Villa” after the poet. However, the people nearby still called it “Baigongguan” according to local customs. In 1939, the Military Affairs Bureau bought this villa by force with 30 taels of gold and changed it into a secret prison. Over 100 people at most were detained in Baigongguan Prison, all of whom were thought to be very important or of a high level.

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, SACO was abolished and turned into a traitor detention place. Some special guests came here. Zhou Fohai and his family and Yang Xinghua, members of Wang Jingwei’s pro-Japanese group, were detained here. The Kuomintang was strongly condemned by people around China because of conniving with Zhou and other traitors. Under political pressure, Zhou Fohai and other traitors were escorted to Nanjing in September 1946, sentenced to death, and then pardoned to life imprisonment. He died of illness in Laohuqiao Prison in Nanjing on February 28, 1948.

After the liberation of Chongqing in 1949, the Political and Public Security of the Southwest Ministry of Military took over Baigongguan Prison and changed it into a war criminals management office. In 1950, the Ministry of Public Security set up an “enemy-chasing” team, and secret agents Xu Yuanju, Zhou Yanghao, and others were arrested one after another. It was just like a joke history cracked on them because they were detained in the place where they abused the martyrs – Baigongguan Prison. They were freaked out because they had thought that the Communist Party would treat them in a very cruel way just like what they did to martyrs. However, to their surprise, they were not abused or killed but educated by the Party. During the ten-year reform, he reflected on the crimes he had committed and wrote a book to confess them.